Abstract: The timely and effective detection of the internal defects of the materials used in a flight vehicle can help the evaluation of the risk due to the material defects of the vehicle and other important components, and avoid some aerospace accidents. First, the principle of the eddy current nondestructive testing is discussed. And then, the related studies of the pulsed eddy current (PEC) nondestructive test at home and abroad, as well as its application in aerospace material defect detections are reviewed. At last, the advantage of the PEC nondestructive in micro-defect tests and its related technology based on the superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) and the experimental results are analyzed in the context of the projects of the laboratories in Beihang University.