Abstract: Spacecraft products are characterized by high customization and non-batch production, resulting in high labor costs and low efficiency in assembly operations. To improve assembly efficiency and quality, this study investigated the application of artificial intelligence (AI) and robotic process automation (RPA) technologies in spacecraft assembly. The complexity and intelligent automation requirements of the assembly process were analyzed, and an AI- and RPA-based operation assistance framework was proposed. An intelligent operation assistant system was developed to address issues such as inefficient information acquisition, inconvenient access to models and drawings, and cumbersome technical-status feedback. Experimental results demonstrated that automation of information retrieval, drawing browsing, and status reporting was achieved through natural-language instructions, reducing the average operation time by more than 50%. The practical value of integrating AI and RPA technologies in spacecraft assembly is summarized, with an outlook on potential directions for future research.