Abstract: In order to simulate the kinematic process of satellites and their maintenance in orbit, a large-scale kinematic simulation system is necessary. However, the vibration generated by the kinematic simulation system may not only affect the system’s motion accuracy, but also limit the system’s response speed. Thus, by analyzing the causes of vibration, vibration modes and natural frequencies of the kinematic simulation system, methods of reducing and suppressing vibration were investigated. According to positions on the main beam of the transverse 2D translational system of the test trolley and lengths of the telescopic rod, nine different operating conditions were categorized. The analysis of system’s response and natural frequencies under different working conditions, and the maximum displacement of the target satellite in all directions when the excitation acted alone were presented. Moreover, a tuned mass damper (TMD) was proposed to reduce the vibration of the kinematic simulation system along the mainstream direction. It is shown that TMD can effectively avoid system’s resonance, suppress system’s vibration at different frequencies, thus improve the operational reliability of the system.